Advances in archaeological research over the past 25 years have steadily transformed our understanding of the origins, advances, and fluctuations of Cambodia’s dynamic heritage. Increased excavation and survey, and growing interest in settlement and material analyses have contributed important nuances to the historical foundations based on epigraphic, art-historical, and architectural data sets. This session presents a range of new approaches, important discoveries, and challenges of Cambodian archaeological research and also highlights how this research contributes to the rich tapestry of Southeast Asian archaeology and global discussions of complex societies.