Buddhism in Central Chhattisgarh: A Materialistic Study

Shabeena Begam

Central Chhattisgarh holds a significant place in the cultural and religious history of India, particularly in relation to the spread of Buddhism. This study presents a materialistic analysis of the Buddhist period in the region through an examination of archaeological remains. Material evidence provides valuable insights into the nature, extent and socio-economic foundations of Buddhist presence and patronage in Central Chhattisgarh. Archaeological discoveries such as stupas, terracotta figures, Buddhist icons and structural remains indicate the strong presence of Buddhism from the Mauryan to the Post-Gupta period. These findings reveal the existence of organized monastic institutions and demonstrate the role of Buddhism as a dominant religious force supported by royal authority, mercantile groups and local communities. The material remains reflect the structure of monastic life and the integration of Buddhism into the social and economic framework of the region. The study also highlights the interaction between Buddhism and local cultural traditions. The incorporation of regional artistic styles, folk elements and indigenous motifs in Buddhist sculptures suggests cultural assimilation rather than rigid doctrinal imposition. Material culture further reveals Buddhism’s influence on settlement patterns, educational activities, and ethical values. Overall, the study establishes that Buddhism in Central Chhattisgarh functioned not only as a spiritual movement but also as a significant socio-economic and cultural force deeply rooted in the region’s historical development.