Tooth ablation is known to be the oldest form of dental modification in the world, generally performed in association with life-event rituals, social status, or group identity. Ritual tooth ablation can be found in many archaeological assemblages from various regions of the world, one of them being Indonesia. So far, studies from archaeological skeletal assemblages in Indonesia have found evidence of tooth ablation practices from the islands of Java and East Nusa Tenggara. This study describes tooth ablation in human populations from the archaeological sites of Loyang Mendale and Loyang Ujung Karang in the Takengon region of Sumatra, Indonesia. The two sites were occupied during four different periods, the Mesolithic (7598 - 6002 cal. BC), Neolithic (3375 - 1682 cal. BC), Paleometallic (978 cal. BC - 578 cal. AD), and the 7th - 18th Century CE. Identification of tooth ablation in skeletal assemblages was carried out macroscopically and was observed from the resorption of the lateral incisor alveolae and the appearance of gaps between teeth. In the Mesolithic period, no tooth ablation was found at either site. In the Neolithic period, tooth ablation was found only in one individual from Loyang Ujung Karang. In the Paleometallic period, tooth ablation was found in individuals from both sites. In the 7th - 18th Century period, tooth ablation was only found in individuals from Loyang Ujung Karang. The tooth ablation that was found in one of the Loyang Ujung Karang individuals indicates that the ritual was carried out when individuals were 10-14 years old. Tooth ablation at Loyang Mendale lasted only in the Paleometallic period, while at Loyang Ujung Karang the tooth ablation ritual extended from the Neolithic period to the 7th - 18th Century period.