S10-17

The Practice of Gold Dental Ornamentation in the Philippines

Leee Anthony Neri1, Ruben Claro IV1, Angel T. Bautista VII2

1Archaeological Studies Program, University of the Philippines Diliman, Philippines

2Department of Science and Technology - Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (DOST-PNRI), Philippines

The practice of gold dental modification or ornamentation is widely practiced across the Philippine Archipelago. Gold pegging has been documented in historical accounts, such as the 16th Century CE examples from Northern Mindanao documented by Antonio Pigafetta, and the 12th Century CE Chinese documents describing people with gold pegged teeth in the mountains of Mindanao. In archaeology, perhaps the most well-known example of dental modification is the Bolinao skull from Balingasay, Bolinao, Pangasinan, northern Luzon, dated from the 14th to 15th centuries CE. Recently, one of the interesting archaeological finds was the discovery of a human burial at the Calumat Open Site in the Municipality of Alubijid, Province of Misamis Oriental, Mindanao. In Trench 2 of the excavations a human skeleton with gold dental modifications, and associated with grave goods, including a celadon bowl, the tang of an iron blade, and a worked shell artifact was uncovered. These bones were subjected to radiocarbon dating using accelerator mass spectroscopy (AMS) at the Micro Analysis Laboratory Tandem Accelerator (MALT), University of Tokyo, Japan. The results indicate that the bone fragment has a calendar age range of 774 - 1030 cal. AD, making this the oldest known individual with gold pegging in the Philippines. These findings contribute to our archaeological knowledge of the possible origin and cultural practice of dental modification in the 1st millennium AD in the Philippines.