Fossils of Homo sapiens have been recovered from Late Pleistocene sediments deposited in Tam Pa Ling Cave, north-eastern Laos. The human fossils form some of the earliest evidence for Pleistocene dispersals of our species out of Africa and into Southeast Asia, with ages ranging from 70 – 46 ka. Tam Pa Ling is thus a critical site for investigating the timing and nature of modern human dispersals from Mainland Southeast Asia towards Island Southeast Asia and Australia. To date, no artefacts nor archaeological stratigraphy have been found in association with the fossils, raising interesting questions about their depositional and taphonomic history, and whether the site was used or not by humans. To better understand the taphonomic history of the site and to examine the sediments for micro-traces of human presence at the site a program of geoarchaeology and microstratigraphic analyses was initiated in 2018. This presentation will focus on that part of the sediment sequence deposited between 51 - 29 ka from which three H. sapiens fossils were recovered. The preliminary results of this microstratigraphic work provide environmental context for human presence in the area, help reconstruct the taphonomic history of the fossils, and show that anthropogenic micro-traces do survive in the sediments, albeit in low quantities. These results raise the possibility that early modern humans occasionally used Tam Pa Ling Cave or the area immediately outside the site at this time.