S51-5

Memorializing the Dead: Looking at Anthropomorphic Styles of Jar Burial in the Philippines

National Museum of the Philippines, Philippines

Burying the dead in jars is a widespread tradition in Southeast Asia (i.e., China, Taiwan, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, East Malaysia, Eastern Indonesia) and the Philippines, dating from the first millennium BC to the second millennium AD, The jar burial tradition illustrates both complexity and diversity in treatment of the deceased, and can include use of anthropomorphic mortuary vessels. Anthropomorphic burial jars are vessels fashioned in human form molded either in clay or limestone - a tradition strengthened by a belief in life after death. They designate any representation or depiction of a human image (Rautman and Talalay 2000), often perceived as ritual and symbolic (Cuevas 2007). In the past, research on these anthropomorphic vessels has generally focused determination sex and gender, and little else. However, in the Philippines, anthropomorphic vessels have been shown to follow a very distinct production technique, depiction or execution, that express specific stylistic statements. The investigation focuses on the burial jars decorated and moulded into human figures that show different stylistic and technological traits. The inquiry addresses the following questions: How varied are the anthropomorphic burial jars in the Philippines? How does the Metal Age community express its stylistic statement in commemorating the dead in burial jars?, and how are stylistic statements transmitted to the anthropomorphic images? Determining the various types, motifs, and designs or the stylistic and technological features of these mortuary vessels may help define local stylistic mortuary behaviour, cultural identity, and belief. The investigation may also reveal a Metal Age anthropomorphic burial practice in the Philippines that focuses on ritual performance in commemorating the dead.