Ceramics are usually the best-preserved and most abundant artifacts found in excavations, making them one of the most studied of all archaeological materials. Increased attention has been given to the use of modern analytical techniques in the compositional and functional analyses of ceramic material and manufacture. As a scientific institution, the National Museum of the Philippines (NMP) conducts research activities combining integrated laboratory in different technical fields, including archaeology. Over the years, valuable analytical techniques have been used by museum researchers for various studies such as chemical and mineral composition of archaeological ceramics. For cultural heritage objects, it is important to select a method of analysis that is fast, sensitive, multi-elemental, and as much as possible non-destructive. These characteristics are mostly found in spectroscopic techniques. Although spectroscopic techniques are widely known and used in archaeometry, they pose a challenge in ceramic analysis due to the limitations of the instruments and the heterogeneity of the ceramic ware. This paper presents how X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, Fourier-Transform (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy are used in a museum setting to provide interpretations of the past through the compositional analysis of ceramic materials. Moreover, the challenges encountered in using each technique as well as the improvements and developments that can be made in the post-analysis of the spectroscopic data are presented.