While there exists a rich archaeological knowledge base for much of Mainland Southeast Asia, very little is known about Myanmar, particularly in terms of the origin and adoption of agriculture in the region. The application of stable carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of tooth enamel from both humans and fauna has proven to be an effective proxy for examining subsistence practices, in lieu of archaeobotanical remains and in contexts where bone collagen is not reliably preserved. Here, we present preliminary stable isotope data for two communities from Myanmar, Oakaie and Nyaung’gan, occupied during the transitional Neolithic to the early Bronze Age period (ca. 1300-700 BC) that have recently been excavated as part the research project Mission Archéologique Française au Myanmar – MAFM. Situated within the broader regional and local environmental context our data provide a unique insight into the subsistence economy of the ancient inhabitants of the central dry zone of Myanmar.