Taro (Colocasia esculenta) of the Araceae family is one of the most widely cultivated crops in most tropical and temperate regions of the world. It is considered as an important food staple and socio-cultural produce particularly in Africa, Oceania, and Southeast Asia. There have been some studies done on the evolution and domestication of C. esculenta which look at the divergence of the variants based on country, ploidy, and habitat levels. Although distinctions between wild and cultivated variants have been found, its genetic structure has yet to be further particularised and its genetic and geographic origins to be determined. The prehistoric dispersal of taro cultivars is believed to be human mediated. Recent genetic studies debunk earlier claims of the origins of taro as having been in Papua New Guinea based on archaeological evidence that depicted early exploitation of this crop. Nonetheless, it remains unquestionable that taro cultivation has had its mainstay in Indo-Pacific Asia since prehistory and its genetic diversity is evident. With the studies and data so far, taro is a highly promising subject that remains to be tapped for further research for its origins and dispersal as a bioproxy for early human mobility in archaeology, its phylogeography, and for environmental conservation research, among others.