Sambor Prei Kuk is an archaeological site located in Kampong Thom Province, Central Cambodia. Sambor Prei Kuk can be segmented into two areas—the “city” and the “temple”. The city is surrounded by a 2×2 km moat and has been identified as Īśānapura, the capital in the pre-Angkoran period. It is mentioned in Chinese historical literature and ancient inscriptions. The temple area has many brick structures, and was added to the World Heritage List in 2017. Sambor Prei Kuk is, therefore, one of the most significant sites for studying the ancient history of Cambodia. In the 19th century, research was conducted principally by French researchers, and since the beginning of the 21st century, the Cambodian government and Waseda University have been collaborating to conduct continuous excavations and conservation projects at Sambor Prei Kuk. The temple area was first excavated by B.P. Grolier in the 1960s (and re-excavated in 2008). Along with area M90 in the centre of the city it produced a large number of artefacts. the material culture from the two different locales can provide information essential to our understanding of culture and society. This presentation discusses the characteristics and chronology of Sambor Prei Kuk, as revealed through the analysis of artifacts, and applying an archaeological perspective.